Austria:
Austria fairly changed in the a political way, and was solely and greatly influenced by nationalism, and other revolutions in France, Italy, and German states. At first, Print Metternich worked to resist liberal ideas and repress movements by prohibiting any reforms that comes in conflict with absolute monarchy, established censorship of press, and created a police force that investigates those who are suspected in the involvement of nationalist revolutionary activities. However, Franz Joseph I was not able to stop the nationalist movement, and came to an agreement with the Dual Monarchy of Austria-Hungary. This was a huge political change/shift in power- Austria and Hungary became two separate state and had its own parliament but was ruled under Franz Joseph I.
Austria fairly changed in the a political way, and was solely and greatly influenced by nationalism, and other revolutions in France, Italy, and German states. At first, Print Metternich worked to resist liberal ideas and repress movements by prohibiting any reforms that comes in conflict with absolute monarchy, established censorship of press, and created a police force that investigates those who are suspected in the involvement of nationalist revolutionary activities. However, Franz Joseph I was not able to stop the nationalist movement, and came to an agreement with the Dual Monarchy of Austria-Hungary. This was a huge political change/shift in power- Austria and Hungary became two separate state and had its own parliament but was ruled under Franz Joseph I.
Ottoman:
The Crimean War and Balkan Wars that followed were because of many influences--such as the nationalism in Europe that created general displeasure in the ethnic groups, the dispute over the Holy Land, and the need for power (of the ethnic groups, or the route to Mediterranean). So the Ottoman Empire was not solely influenced by nationalist ideals, but rather of several other causes. A nationalist group called Young Turks began a revolution which led to several political reforms such as restoring their constitution, ensuring representation in the more liberal government, and many other improved individual liberties. This political change may not be as huge as shifts in political power, however these changes were still significant since they established a more liberal government.
Russia:
During the 19th century, Russia had very little political change, and this was because any progress was resented by most czars that came to ruling. For example, Czar Alexander began a program of reforms, by starting to free the serfs. However, his son, Czar Alexander III, was a reactionary and he ended the reforms of his father. Such events kept repeating, keeping the reforms at a minimum. Russia’s political changes were in no way a result of nationalism, the reason was because czars hated nationalist movements, as they could potentially tear a multinational Russia apart into separate nations. Therefore, efforts were even made to oppress nationalist movements and limit the spread of nationalism.
The Crimean War and Balkan Wars that followed were because of many influences--such as the nationalism in Europe that created general displeasure in the ethnic groups, the dispute over the Holy Land, and the need for power (of the ethnic groups, or the route to Mediterranean). So the Ottoman Empire was not solely influenced by nationalist ideals, but rather of several other causes. A nationalist group called Young Turks began a revolution which led to several political reforms such as restoring their constitution, ensuring representation in the more liberal government, and many other improved individual liberties. This political change may not be as huge as shifts in political power, however these changes were still significant since they established a more liberal government.
Russia:
During the 19th century, Russia had very little political change, and this was because any progress was resented by most czars that came to ruling. For example, Czar Alexander began a program of reforms, by starting to free the serfs. However, his son, Czar Alexander III, was a reactionary and he ended the reforms of his father. Such events kept repeating, keeping the reforms at a minimum. Russia’s political changes were in no way a result of nationalism, the reason was because czars hated nationalist movements, as they could potentially tear a multinational Russia apart into separate nations. Therefore, efforts were even made to oppress nationalist movements and limit the spread of nationalism.